Bordering Molise, today the municipality is an agricultural centre with approximately 500 inhabitants.
The historical origin of Pietraroja can be traced back to Samnite times. In 1401, it was owned by Goffredo Di Marzano, Count of Alife; it then passed to the Gaetani, and finally to the Carafa, until the end of the feudal system in 1806. The municipality was incorporated into the province of Benevento after the unification of Italy.
From 1860 to 1870, the village was affected by the phenomenon of brigandage.
The fossil of a dinosaur, unique in the world, ‘Scipionyx Samniticus’, was discovered in the municipality of Pietraroja. Named so to pay homage to the geologist Scipione Breislak, who was the first to study the fossil in Pietraroja in 1798, and to Sannio.
The symbol of the town consists of a lion positioned on three towers above an entwined laurel and oak branch.
This area is perfect for holidays due to its cool climate. Excursions can be made to the nearby Bocca della Selva ski resort.