The municipality has about 1,300 inhabitants and is located on the border of the province of Caserta, in an area surrounded by vineyards and orchards.
Documented origins of the village date back to the 9th century and the original name was ‘Pullianellu’. The origin of the name is said to derive from Mount Pugliano.
During Norman rule, the village belonged to the Camerario family, then to the Celano, Gaetani, De Capua, Paolella and Di Carlo families, who owned it until the feudal system was abandoned in 1806.
With the Unification of Italy, Puglianello was united with the neighbouring municipality of San Salvatore Telesino until 1948. Later, it obtained administrative autonomy.