The municipality of Foiano di Val Fortore lies on the left side of the Fortore river and is surrounded by high mountains.
Its origin can be traced back to Norman times, but the first precise data on the municipality date back to 1320 and are contained in a document called Cedolario della Capitanata.
In the 16th century, 5 km from Foiano, a large monastery for the Benedictines was built in San Giovanni a Mazzocca. Between the 17th and 18th centuries, this monastery was repeatedly targeted by bandits from Foggia. The monastery suffered multiple robberies and attacks.
For centuries Foiano was part of the property managed by the Abbey of Santa Maria di Mazzocca, later it passed to the De Capitanei of Novara, several cardinals, the Guevaras of Bovino, the Carafas, the Spinellis of Buonalbergo and the Caracciolo.
In 1607, it came under the jurisdiction of the Jesuits of Benevento. After 1811, Foiano was an integral part of Capitanata. Later, the village was integrated into Campobasso and, after the Unification of Italy, became part of the province of Benevento.
Today, the municipality has about 1400 inhabitants.