The municipality is located in the Taburno region, on the right side of the Vallone di Prata. It has about 1,700 inhabitants and is famous for its agricultural production, such as high-quality olive oil and wine production.
Some scholars have identified Melizzano with the ancient city of Melae, a Samnite settlement that witnessed several battles during the Second Punic War. The earliest documented information dates back to Norman times, when it was a casale of the Caserta countryside.
The territory was owned by the Signoretto and Gambacorta families in 1506. Later it belonged to the De Capua and Bellucci families in the 12th century and finally passed to the Corso family, who owned it until the feudal system was abandoned in 1806. It became part of the province of Benevento after the unification of Italy.